24考研题源外刊阅读《经济学人》双语精读版训练–人工智能终于…

In particular, our studies have shown that people tend to associate abstract language with power and leadership, and that in general, men tend to speak more abstractly than women — meaning that in some contexts, the way women are socialized to communicate may sometimes make them less likely to be seen as leaders.

尤其是，我们的研究表明，人们倾向于将抽象语言与权力和领导力联系在一起，而且一般来说，男性说话往往比女性更抽象——这意味着在某些情况下，女性被教育要遵守的沟通方式有时会让她们更不可能被看作是领导者。

1. socialize: to train someone to behave in a way that is acceptable in the society they are living in

《本期内容》

双语阅读

The machines are coming for your crops—at least in a few fields in America. This autumn John Deere, a tractor-maker, shipped its first fleet of fully self-driving machines to farmers. The tilling tractors are equipped with six cameras which use artificial intelligence (ai) to recognise obstacles and manoeuvreout of the way. Julian Sanchez, who runs the firm’s emerging-technology unit, estimates that about half the vehicles John Deere sells have some ai capabilities.

机器可以代人种地了——至少在美国的一些田地里就做到了。今年秋天，拖拉机制造商约翰迪尔向农民交付了第一批全自动驾驶拖拉机。这种耕作拖拉机配备六个摄像头，可以利用人工智能识别并灵活地避开障碍物。该公司新兴技术部门负责人朱利安·桑切斯估计，约翰迪尔销售的农业机械中约有一半具备某些AI功能。

That includes systems which use onboard cameras to detect weeds among the crops and then spray pesticides, and combine harvesters which automatically alter their own setting to waste as little grain as possible. Mr Sanchez says that for a medium-sized farm,

the additional cost of buying an ai-enhanced tractor isrecoupedin two to three years.

翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~桑切斯表示，对于一个中型农场来说，两三年就能收回购买一台AI增强型拖拉机时多花的钱。

For decadesstarry-eyedtechnologists have claimed that AI will upend the business world, creating enormous benefits for firms and customers. John Deere is not the only proof that this is happening at last. A survey by McKinsey, aconsultancy, found that this year 50% of firms across the world had tried to use AI in some way, up from 20% in 2017. Powerful new “foundation” models are fast moving from the lab to the real world.

几十年来，满怀憧憬的技术专家声称AI将颠覆商业世界，为企业和客户带来巨大福祉。他们的预言现在终于在变成现实，而约翰迪尔并不是唯一的证明者。咨询公司麦肯锡的一项调查发现，今年全球50%的公司或多或少都在尝试使用AI，而2017年这一比例为20%。强大的新型“基础”模型正迅速从实验室走向现实世界。

ChatGPT, a new AI tool that has recently been released for public testing, is making waves for its ability to

craft clever jokes and explain scientific concepts. But excitement is alsopalpableamong corporate users of AI, its developers and those developers’ venture-capital backers. Many of them attended a week-longjamboreehosted in Las Vegas by Amazon Web Services, the tech giant’s cloud-computing arm. The event, which ended on December 2nd,was packed withtalks and workshops on AI. Among the busiest booths in the exhibition hall were those of AI firms such as Dataiku and Blackbook.ai.

新推出的AI工具ChatGPT不久前启动了公开测试，它因为能编出诙谐的笑话以及解释科学概念而大出风头。但为之欢欣鼓舞的显然还有AI的企业用户、开发者及其风险资本投资人。他们中的许多人参加了科技巨头亚马逊的云计算部门AWS在拉斯维加斯举办的盛会。这次大会为期一周，于12月2日闭幕，其中排满了有关AI的演讲和研讨会。展厅中最繁忙的是Dataiku和Blackbook.ai等AI公司的展位。

The buzzing AI scene is an exception to the downbeat mood across tech dom, which is in the midst of a deep slump. In 2022 venture capitalists have ploughed $67bn into firms that claim to specialise in AI, according to PitchBook, a data firm. The share of VC deals globally involving such startups has ticked up since mid-2021, to 15% so far this quarter.

纵观整个技术领域，走势正低迷，悲观情绪蔓延。然而，引发人们热议的人工智能领域却是另外一番景象。根据数据公司PitchBook的数据，2022年风险投资家已经向专注研发AI的公司大笔投资了670亿美元。自2021年年中以来，全球涉及此类初创公司的风投交易份额有所上升，本季度截至目前已达到15%.

本文节选自：The Economist（经济学人）

发布时间：2022.12.19

词汇积累

1.recoup

英/ r??ku?p /美/ r??ku?p /

vt.收回；恢复；偿还；扣除

vi.获得补偿；请求扣除

2.starry-eyed

英/ ?stɑ?ri ?a?d /美/ ?stɑ?ri ?a?d /

adj.过分乐观的；幻想的

3.consultancy

英/ k?n?s?lt?nsi /美/ k?n?s?lt?nsi /

n.咨询公司；咨询意见，顾问工作

4.palpable

英/ ?p?lp?b(?)l /美/ ?p?lp?b(?)l /

adj.明显的；可感知的；易觉察的

5.jamboree

英/ ?d??mb??ri? /美/ ?d??mb??ri? /

n.少年团体大会；欢乐的聚会

词组搭配

1.out of the way 偏僻的；不同寻常的；不挡道；把……移开

2.be packed with 挤满；塞满

写作句总结

原句：A survey by McKinsey, a consultancy, found that this year 50% of firms across the world had tried to use AI in some way, up from 20% in 2017.

结构：sb found that this year 50% of firms had tried to do sth, up from 20% in 2017.

例句：The survey found that this year 50% of post-00s are trying to develop avocation, up from 20% in 2020.

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